Recent data indicates that crucial crops like wheat, coffee, beans, and cassava could lose up to half of their best agricultural land by the year 2100. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has enhanced its ABC-Map geospatial application with a new indicator that sheds light on the suitable land for these significant crops in response to evolving climate scenarios. The ABC-Map, tailored for policymakers, technicians, and project designers, serves as a tool for assessing climate-related risks, biodiversity indicators, and the potential for carbon reduction in selected projects. Utilizing open-source satellite imagery powered by Google Earth Engine, the app draws upon global datasets to provide valuable insights.
With this latest upgrade, users can now examine the future suitability of major crops under various climatic conditions, aiding long-term strategies against climate change impacts. The new indicator was developed through collaboration with French fintech start-up Finres, following a study commissioned by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and funded by the French Development Agency (AFD). The study found that five out of nine key staple and cash crops are already experiencing diminished optimal growing conditions, with significant losses projected by 2100. Particularly concerning is the potential decline in coffee production in major growing regions, alongside significant impacts on crops like beans and wheat, especially in North America and Europe.
ABC-Map not only provides information on historical trends but now also offers insights into future conditions. Users can select a location and crop from a list of 30 options. The tool presents suitability scores based on two emission scenarios, with further updates planned for livestock heat stress and crop water requirements. Launched in 2024 as part of the COP28 Agriculture, Food and Climate National Action Toolkit, ABC-Map is designed to assist governments in developing effective climate policies and transforming agrifood systems.
By illuminating the synergies and challenges of climate change mitigation and adaptation, this tool enhances the FAO’s efforts in helping countries navigate climate-related challenges in agriculture.